Ginia



L. PAULERO.k

CALKING TOOL. APPLICATION FILED 11111.16. 191s.

Patented oct. 14,1913? 'Il ll- W/ TNESSES ferred to.

UNITED STATES-"PATENT CERICE.

LoUIs PAULERo, or PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA, AssIGNoR To AMERICAN ELECTRIC T ooI.

COMPANY, INCORPORATED, or PETERSBURQNIRGINIA, A CORPORATION or VIR- GINIA.

` CALKINe-Too'r..

. Y specification of Ietters Patent.V i l'1^ a1;e1'11;ed Oct. 1 4, 1919.

Application inea January 16, isis'. serial No. 212,12'7. Y A

To all wkom it 'may concern: v Y i f Be it known'that I,'LoUIs PAULERO', a yciti-` zen of the United States, and a resident of Petersburg, in the county of Dinwiddie and 'State of Virginia',have invented a new and useful Improvement in Oalking-,Tools, f of which the following is a specication. Y n

My invention relates to improvements in calking tools, and it consists in the constructions, combinations and arrangements herein described and claimed. Y V Y Y An object of my invention is to provide a tool for calking the seams of vessels, so arranged as to be used in amechanical hamring had to theaccompanying drawing in Vwhich: Y

' Figure 1 is a section of they calking tool showing the blade pressedA into the seam.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the tool. Fig. 3 is an inverted plan view.

Fig. L1V is a cross section on the line L1--4`j of Fig. 1. j

Fig. 5 isfa detail perspective View of the calking blade; and f e y Fig. 6 is a detail section hereinafter re- The specific purpose of the invention is to provide a calking tool tobe used in connection with a mechanicallydriven hammer, forY driving oakum into the seams of a yvesselrin a rapid and effective manner. lThe calking i tool is designed especially to be used in connection with the electrichammer described in my pending` application filed Dec. 5,1917, Serial No. 205,503, .although obviously" the calking tool iscapable of use with any other mechanically driven hammer.' The 'numerous advantages of a calkingtool of this kind,

together with the manner of operationthereof, will' be'fully brought out hereinafter.

Referring first to the constructiony of the calking tool, Vattention isxdirected to Fig. 1. y

-agaiirist:the .endof the pm V114, whereupon the..

In carrying out the invention, I providea :casing 1l which is *round through the .major portion, *and terminates atvthe bottom Ain a -squareheadf2bifurcated inthe center as at y3. 'IheY bifurcations are adapted to straddle` the seam'll between two planks 5'of the side ,ofavesself i f. The'rounded portion of the Vcasing 1 is knurled at Gas shown in Fig. l2, in order to insure a Vrm grip ofthe workmans hand,

`.and'to preventslipping of the tool in holdling 1t against the planks 5. Internal threads 7 are proyided` attheltop of the casing, and a cap S'with a bore 9 screws'into the threadv ?,d ,end vof the casing. The rim ofthe' cap 8 is also knurled asshown in Fig.' 2.

1Movable in the casingl 1 and extending throughabore 10 inthe bottom end adja- `centfto'theA bifurcations v8, is the'shank 1l Aofthe calking blade 12.,V The shank 11 projects a considerable distance out of the cas- -ing 1` atthe top, and through .the bore 9 ofy the 'screw cap 8. The end of the shank v11 vis adapted to be'iitted into the chuck of any of the wellV known types 'of mechanically driven hammers.` and as stated before, the tool is preferably lused yinconnection with 'my electric hammer. Y o f Formed at one Side of the casing 1 and on the insidel of the casing,v is a longitudinal jgroovejl. One end of a pin v111 moves inthe groove 13 and prevents .the shank 11 and'consequently the calking'- blade 12 Vfrom turning with respect to the casing.vv The calking blade 12 is thus always held true in the center of the bifurcated head- 2.V A ,collar 15 is fixed I :in placeonthe shank 11 by the pin 11 which projects through the collarl and the1 shank as 'clearly shown in Fig. 1.

Anovel means for removing the pin 14:

without completelydisassembling the calk- .ing tool, consistsrof the coaxial holesl and .17 in the upperportion of thefcasing 1. The; n p

hole 16 is smaller than the hole..y 17.- The .hole 17 is of the same diameter as that of the pin 14.-; Attention is f directed. toyFig.k 6 l jwherein-the manner of removing the pin is .illustrated The-screw cap 8 is irstpartly unscrewedto bring the pinj14-in alineinentv there is'no danger ofthe .accidental vloss of A rod 18 thrust `into the` opening rod is struck and the pin 14 is forced out of the hole 17. It will be readily understood from Fig. 1, that when the collar 15 is against the cap 8', in its screwed down position, the pin la will lie below the opening 17, so that the danger of the accidental removal of the pin just referred to, is entirely removed.

Disposed between the collar 15 and the lower end of the casing 1, is an expansion Yspring' 19 which normally presses the collar 15 against the cap 8. The cap 8 provides a stop for the collar and consequently also \provides a stop for the calking blade 12 so that the shank 11 may retract into the casing 1 no more than the prescribed distance. `When the shank 11 is thus retracted in the casing 1, the calking blade 12 is about completely housed in the bifurcated end 2, the height of the blade being substantially the same as the distance between the closed end of the casing and the extremities of the bifurcations.

Attention is directed to the peculiar shape of the calking blade.` This shape was adopted after considerable experimentation, and Vis adapted particularly well for use in driving oakum. The blade includes two regions, the upper one being shaped different-ly from the lower one. The sides of the upper region 2O are parallel as indicated in the visible portion of the `blade as shown in Fig. 2. The lower region 21 gradually tapers to a rounded edge 22 at the extremity of the blade. The rear edge 23 of the blade is formed on a gradual curve, but the front edge of the blade lying in the Zone 21 is formed first on an evolute and then on an involute curve. This front edge'gradually widens from the lower edge 22 to the point of meetingwith the tip 24: at the base of the upper Zone 20. Y This peculiar formation of the calking blade 12 has, what might be termed, an initiating action on oakum. This will presently be more fully apparent, but it will bev understood from Fig. 1 that as theoakum O is fed into the seam 4 and the calking tool moves along over the oakum, the double curved front edge 21 with the thin portion at the bottom and broad portion at the top, gradually presses the oakum into the seam, -and when the edge 22 moves over the oakum, it will be found that the oakum will have been uniformly pressed into the seam whereupon the striking of the hammer on the tool will drive the oakum so securely into the seam that it'will not come out.

A funnel 25 guides the oakum tothe calking blade. The funnel is substantially rectangular inshape at the front as shown in Fig. 2,-and includes the arms 26 which embrace the square head 2 and are secured VVKthereon by the screws 27 The guide 25 has an opening 28 at the' base of the upper portion of the funnel to accommodate the tip 21 of the calking blade. The bottom edge of the guide is of course open, and the base of the funnel adjacent to the opening 28 is constricted in width to substantially that Yof the seam l. The purpose of this arrangement is obvious. The bulk of the oakum is considerable, and the purpose of the formation of the guide 25, is to move over the oakum, press it down and inwardly, whereupon the driving action of the calking blade as just described, commences.

The operation and advantages of the calking tool are as follows. Variable pressures on the calking blade 12 are possible through the agency of the spring 19. The operator may bear on the hammer in the chuck of which the shank 11 is inserted, as hard as may be desired, and the result is that the spring 19 will compress accordingly and the lblade 12 will be thrust into the seam 1 a corresponding distance.

In practice, the operator takes a roll of oakum which usually comes in theshape of a rope, and hangs it over the left arm. rThe end of the oakum is then put into the seam, and the calking tool is set over the oakum and the seam with the open end of the funnel or guide nearest the operator. On startingthe hammer, the calking tool is simply drawn along lengthwise of the seam and over the oakum, which is Athus hammered into the seam in the manner hereinbefore fully explained. If the operator desiresto drivethe oakinn into the very base of the seam as is done on the first operation, he bears correspondingly hard on the hammer. `Whether or not other portions of oakum are hammered on'top of the previously placed oakum, depends' altogether on the size of the seam and of the oakum itself. Such conditions occur in every day practice and of course are readily overcome by the user of the tool.

Heretcfore the seams in wooden vessels were calked with hand tools. The object of the invention is primarily to expedite the calking operation, since the use of the hand tools involves a long and tedious process. Incidentally, the calking tool comprising the blade 12 and shank 11 may be used as a hand tool if it be so desired, it being understood that the peculiar formation of the calking blade illustrated in Fig. 5 has equally pc- .culiar and effective advantages. The tool is preferably made of properly hardened tool steel so that it may withstand the incessant blows of the hammer.

As formerly pointed out, the open bottom of the oakum guide 25 enables the lifting of the tool from the seam without catching on the oakum. The funnel shaped forma- .tion of the guide causes the gathering of the oakum string and crowding thereof at the constrlcted base, where 1t iscrowded down into the seam and quickly driven into placey by the blade 12.

lVhile the construction and arrangement of the calking tool is that of a generally preferred form, obviously modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim:

1. In a calking tool, a shank adapted to be inserted into the chuck of a mechanically driven hammer, and a calking blade on the shank adapted to operate against calking material in a seam, said blade including an edge having evolute and involute curves for gradually compressing said material for action thereon by the driving edge of the blade.

gradually widening to the tip'.

. pying 2. A calking tool including a shank, and an integral blade having an upper region with parallel sides and a lower region with sides tapering to the driving edge, the front edge of the blade in the lower region being formed on a double curve to gradually introduce the'calking material to a seam and to the driving edge.

3. Acalking tool including ka shank, and an integral blade having an upper region with parallel sides extending forwardly intoV -a tip, and a lower region with sides tapering to a driving edge, the front` edge of the lower region being formed on a double curve 4:. In a calking tool, a casing having a bifurcated yend open on the bottom for straddling a seam, a shank movable in the casing with ran integral calking blade occuhe space .betweenthe bifurcations andV adapted to drive calking material into the seam, and a funnel shaped guide attached to the bifurcations for gathering and crowding the calking material into the seam in advance of said blade, said guide being open on the bottom to permit lifting of the tool from the seam withoutfcatching on the calking material.

5. In a calking tool, a casing having a groove, andjcoaxial holes in the'walls of the casing, a cap closing the casing, a shank occupying the casing and movable in the cap, a collar on they shanlga spring pressing the collar against the cap, and a'pin holding the collar on the shank with a projecting endA occupying the groove to preventthe shank Y from turning, said pin being in normal disalinement with said holes but adapted to be brought into alinement for removal lby partly removing said cap.

6. A calking tool including a bifurcatedV head arranged to slide over the boards and straddle the seam between the boards, a guide open at the bottom to the seam, at-

` tached to the front of the head extending cluding a blade with a Yshank adapted to be fixed in the chuck of-a mechanically driven hammer, the calking` tool being wieldable with said hammer, a casing receiving said Lshank and having a bifurcated end partly embracing said blade and adapted to strad- 1 dle the seam, resilient means coperating with the shank within said casing normally holding, said blade vwithin said bifurcatedV portion, and an attached guide extending the supporting base of the tool, with a passage in continuation of the space `between the bifurcation, said passage being open to the seam throughout its length and being rearwardly tapered toinitially compress calking material into the seam beneath said blade.`

8. A calkingV tool comprising a casing `with a bifurcated head for straddling a seam, an attached oakum guide bridging the seam, said guide having Haringl sides and a iaring topcut short of the sides at the rear` to leave -a space, and a calking blade reciprocatively mounted in the casing, having a tip moving within the sides of the guide and in said space at the rear.

9. The combination in a calking tool, of an oakum compressing guide open on the bottom and having flaring side and top wallsV to provide a flaring mouth and a constricted outlet, and a calking blade having a tip verticallymovable across said outlet to introduce the compressed oakum into a seam.

Louis PAULERO.

^ Copesfof this patent'inay blobtained for five cents each, by addressing ,the Commissioner of Batents,

Washington, D. C. 

